8D Problem Solving is a method used to approach and to resolve problems - typically employed by quality engineers or 6 Sigma professionals. Also known as 8D, 8D Problem Solving, G8D or Global 8D Problem Solving.

 

8D Problem Solving Step

D1: Use a Team: Establish a team of people with product/process knowledge.

D2: Define the Problem: Specify the problem by identifying in quantifiable terms the who, what, where, when, why, how and how many (5W2H)for the problem.

D3: Implement and verify Interim Actions: Define and implement containment actions to isolate the problem from any customer.

D4: Identify and Verify Root Causes: Identify all potential causes that could explain why the problemoccurred.

D5: Choose and verify Permanent Corrective Actions (PCAs): Through pre-production programs quantitatively confirm that the selected corrective actions will resolve the problem for the customer.

D6: Implement and validate PCAs :Define and Implement the best corrective actions.

D7: Prevent recurrence: Modify the management systems, operation systems, practices and procedures toprevent recurrence of this and all similar problems.

D8: Congratulate your Team : Recognize the collective efforts of the team. The team needs to be formallythanked by the organization.

History of 8D Problem Solving

The development of a team oriented 8D Problem Solving strategy, based on the use of statistical methods of data analysis, was developed at Ford Motor Company. The executives of the Powertrain Organization (transmissions, chassis, engines) wanted a methodology where teams could work on recurring problems. No existing methodology or government standard filled these requirements. Hence, in the summer of 1986, the assignment was given to develop a manual and a subsequent course that would achieve a new approach to solving tough engineering design and manufacturing problems. The manual for this methodology was documented and defined in “Team Oriented Problem Solving”(TOPS) and was first published in the winter of 1987. Several pilots of the course and content where given to a wide range of organizations across Ford Motor company. This approach to problem solving was quickly adopted by all areas within Ford Motor Company and has been the basis for their approach to probems for over 20 years.

8D Problem Solving has become a standard in the Auto, Assembly and other industries that require a thorough structured problem solving process.

The 8D Problem Solving Process is used to identify, correct and eliminate problems. The methodology is useful in product and process improvement. It establishes a standard practice, with an emphasis on facts. It focuses on the origin of the problem by determining Root Cause.

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